Learn About Russian

Русский260 million speakers worldwide

Indo-European FamilyHard DifficultyISO: ru
Language Sample

"Привет, как дела?"

Pronunciation: Privyet, kak dyela?

Translation: Hi, how are you?

Language Overview

Speakers

260 million

Language Family

Indo-European (Slavic)

Writing System

Cyrillic script

Official Status

Official language of Russia and co-official in several former Soviet states

Regions (10 countries)

RussiaBelarusKazakhstanKyrgyzstanUkraineLatviaEstoniaLithuaniaUzbekistanMoldova
History & Origins

Russian developed from Old East Slavic. It became standardized in the 18th century under the reforms of Peter the Great. The language spread widely during the Soviet Union era, becoming a lingua franca across Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

Language Characteristics
  • Rich system of noun cases (6 cases)

  • Free word order due to case system

  • Aspect in verbs (perfective vs imperfective)

  • No articles (a, the)

  • Hard and soft consonant pairs

Common Words
hello:привет
goodbye:до свидания
please:пожалуйста
thank you:спасибо
yes:да
no:нет
water:вода
food:еда
house:дом
family:семья
Numbers 0-10
0:ноль
1:один
2:два
3:три
4:четыре
5:пять
6:шесть
7:семь
8:восемь
9:девять
10:десять
Major Dialects

Northern Russian

Southern Russian

Central Russian (basis of Standard Russian)

Learning Tips
  • Master the Cyrillic alphabet first

  • Pay attention to stress in words, as it changes meaning

  • Practice verb aspect early

  • Learn the six noun cases systematically

  • Immerse yourself with Russian media

Cultural Notes
  • Russian literature is world-renowned: Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Pushkin

  • Politeness often expressed through formal vs informal 'you' (вы vs ты)

  • Russian culture places emphasis on family and hospitality

  • Many Russian idioms are tied to history and folklore

Fun Facts

Russian is the most widely spoken Slavic language

It is one of the six official languages of the United Nations

Russian uses the Cyrillic alphabet

It is the second most used language on the internet by content volume

Ready to test your Russian knowledge?

Try our interactive language guessing game and see if you can identify Russian from text samples.